Water Desalinization
To meet the ever-increasing
demands for fresh water, especially in arid and semi-arid areas,
much research has gone into finding efficient methods of removing
salt from sea water and brackish waters. Several processes are
being developed to produce fresh water cheaply. Three of the
processes involve evaporation followed by condensation of the
resultant steam and are known as multiple-effect evaporation,
vapour-compression distillation, and flash evaporation.
The last-named method, the most widely used, involves heating sea
water and pumping it into lower-pressure tanks, where the water
abruptly vapourizes (flashes) into steam.
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